A Guide to the Pledge of Allegiance
The Pledge of Allegiance sits at the intersection of patriotism, public ritual, and debate about national identity. For students, teachers, and general readers, it…
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Civic Life
Explain civic traditions, public language, and the people and debates associated with them.
Francis Bellamy and the Original Pledge
Francis Bellamy matters to the history of the Pledge of Allegiance not only because he wrote its first widely published version, but because his…
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The Pledge of Allegiance
The Pledge of Allegiance sits at the intersection of language, patriotism, education, and public ritual. Readers usually come to it with practical questions: where…
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Origins of the Pledge of Allegiance
The Pledge of Allegiance emerged from a specific moment in late nineteenth-century American civic culture, when public ritual, mass education, and patriotic symbolism were…
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